Mythological references related to Kshatriya
Kshatriyas were considered to be the descendents of Lord Surya, Lord Agni or Chandra. For instance Lord Rama was Suryavanshi or the descendent of Sun Dynasty while Lord Krishna belonged to the Lunar Dynasty or Chandravansh. No matter to which family they belonged the lives of this warrior class were divided into 4 stages -`brahmacharya`, `grihastha`, `vanaprastha` and `sannyasi.` Owing to different reasons these were not considered as a part of the warrior class. Kingdoms, such as, Kamboja and Gandhara were Kshatriya. However, for not following the Vedas they became Sudras. On the other hand, certain kingdoms, like, Sakas, Darads, Pahlavas, Dravidas and others lost their status as Kshatriya because of their neglect of the Brahmins. Much later in the Indian history the Rajput society was also depicted as Kshatriyas.
Speciality of Kshatriya
The Rajputs were known to make deft political chanelizes to consolidate their kingdom or to defeat an enemy. They are also known to follow certain codes of war to fight. They are legendarily said to have untiring persistence to attain their goal as in the case of Maharana Pratap Singh. The Rajputs are considered to be most revered and persistent Kshatriyas. Legendary Rajputs are Rana kumbha, Rana sanga, Raja Bhoja, Rana Mokal, Prithiviraj Chauhan, Rana Hamir, Hadi ke Rani. The Kshatriyas were specialized in guerrilla warfare. History said that the Maratha warrior and emperor Shivaji Bhonsale had his own army specialized in guerrilla warfare.
The Kshatriyas were unsparing in their attack on whatever obstructed the growth of the nation and were never afraid to call a spade a spade. They respect people with courage and intelligence. Almost all the aggressive virtues were imbibed in them. The spirit of soaring idealism, bold creation, fearless resistance and courageous attack made them perfect rulers.
The Rajputs (from the Sanskrit tatpurusha compound rājaputra, “son of a king”), are a ruling class of Indian subcontinent and south east Asia. In the Hindustani language, those belonging to the Kshatriya / Chattari Varna of Hindus are generally referred to as “Rajputs”. They rule in Indian sub-continent from 6th century to 20th century and south east Asia from 9th to 15th centuries, Nepal was the last empire of Rajputs which ended in 1950,Rajputs ruled more than 400[1] of the estimated 600 princely states at the time of India’s independence in 1947. Rajputs ruled 81 of out the 121 Salute states extant at the time of independence. Most Rajputs claim descent from Shri Ram and Shri Krishna.
Origin of Rajput
Lands of the Kushanshas (Indo-Sassanian) and Hunas (Kushano-Hepthalites) in 565 AD Main articles: Rajput clans and Origin of Rajputs The Sanskrit word Rajputra is found in ancient texts, including the Vedas, the Ramayana, and the Mahabharata. It was used by the ancient Sanskrit grammarian Pāṇini in the 4th century BCE. The word Kshatriya (“warrior”) was used for the Vedic community of warriors and rulers. To differentiate royal warriors from other Kshatriyas the word Rajputra was used, which literally means “Son of King” Rajputra eventually was shortened to Rajput. Rajputs belong to one of three great patrilineages, which are Suryavanshi, Chandravanshi and Agnivanshi there Some Other vans also Nagavanshi and Rishivansi.. Rajput literally means son of a King or royal blood. The British historians disclaim the puranic genelogies as given in Vishnu Purana [2], Vayu Purana as myths, but with advancing science a few of these ‘myths’ have indeed be proven correct (like the legend of Krishna and submerged Dwarika). Most Rajputs, the medieval kings, nobles and farmers have a disputable origin. However, quite authoritatively identified, various theories of origin have been put forward. The first Rajputs kingdoms are attested in the 6th century BC, and the Rajputs rose to prominence in Indian history in the ninth and tenth centuries.This is however unlikely as the tribes present in the NWFP of Pakistan and the country Afghanistan are most probably descended from Huna, Kushans etc. they could be the modern day Hazaras, Pashtuns, Tajiks, Uzbeks and Nuristani and many more.The Huna’s were defeated in 528 AD by Yasodharman and in 532 a coalition of Hindu kings drives the Huna out of Northern India. The genetic analysis of Rajput clans indicate there is a close connection between the Punjabi Khatri/Arora clans and Rajputs clearly indicating that the rajputs are not outsiders as most tend to belive.[4]. Many tribes over the course of time became extinct because of war, or relocated to another location and changed their names. Traditionally, every rajput must belong to one of 36 rajput clans, the Chattis Rajkuls. During the rule of the British, Lieutenant Colonel James Tod visited Rajasthan and attempted to write a definitive list of the 36 Rajput tribes. However, everyone that he spoke to gave him varying lists. It can thus be concluded that any caste or clan that had furnished warriors or was politically dominant in a particular region could justly call itself Rajput.
In the early Vedic civilization, the warrior caste was called rājanya or kšatrīya. The former was an adjectival form of rājan “ruler, king” from a root rāj “to rule”, cognate to the Latin rex “king”, the German Reich “empire/realm”, and the Thai racha “king”. In Persia, the satraps, or “kshatrapa”, were the governors, or “protectors”, of the Persian Empire’s provinces.
A Hindu ruler was bound by the Holy Scriptures to govern as a Dharma-Raja (Just Rule), with the main duties being protection of his subjects and livestock.
In the Manu Smriti, or Laws of Manu, the Kshatriya caste is given the Varna (Color) red.
Kshatriya lineage
The major branches of Kshatriya varna are Chandravanshi (lunar line), claiming descent from Chandra, Suryavanshi (solar line), claiming direct descent from Ramachandra and descent from Surya, Agnivanshi, claiming descent from Agni, and the Nagavanshi, claiming descent from the Nāgas.